The niger delta has three major depositional prisms. There are some natural hazards in the country of niger, one of which is the recurring occurrences of drought. Summary of the geology of the study area the studied area is located in parts of the onshore zone in the niger delta sedimentary basin, nigeria fig. Structural and seismic facies interpretation of fabi field. The niger delta basin, situated at the apex of the gulf of guinea on the west coast of africa, is one of the most prolific deltaic hydrocarbon provinces in the world figure 1. Maps showing the geological setting of the niger delta in a section 8. The first began with a marine incursion in the middle cretaceous and was terminated by a mild folding phase in santonian time. Geomechanical properties we estimated using acoustic velocities derived from interval transit time which.
Within the delta the river breaks up into an in nigeria. The niger delta petroleum system usgs publications repository. The w atertable in the niger delta area is very close to the ground surface, ranging from 0 to 9 m below ground level. Niger delta basin, and its thickness is 2,000 m to 7,000 m doust and omatsola, 1990. Late miocene to early pliocene palynostratigraphy and. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the niger delta 5 wide genetic sequences as defined by galloway 1989 and consisting of strata bounded by maximum flooding surfaces within transgressive shales are more readily identifiable in the niger delta. Field, within the western niger delta based on wireline logs and high resolution biostratigraphic data. Nov 21, 2017 a the niger delta complex and b section through the continental shelf, slope and rise showing structural domains of niger delta cohen and mcclay 1996 full size image the niger delta basin has area coverage of about 75,000 km 2 and consists of an overall regressive clastic sequence which reaches a maximum thickness of about 12,000 m in the. Two of the arms of this junction have continued to spread taking the. The niger delta, which stretches for nearly 150 miles 240 km from north to south and spreads along the coast for about 200 miles 320 km, extends over an area of 14,000 square miles 36,000 square km. The fundamental causative event for the origin of the niger delta basin was the breakup of the gondwana supercontinent. Foraminifera biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of well.
These tracemetal data, together with the organic geochemistry and physical properties of the oil indicate that the niger delta source rocks contain predominately. A new threefold lithostratigraphic subdivision is introduced for the niger delta subsurface, comprising an upper sandy benin formation, an intervening unit of alternating sandstone and shale named the agbada formation, and a lower shaly akata formation. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough, nigeria. Niger delta petroleum systems, nigeria petroleum systems of. This was followed by a regression that started during the eocene and continued to the present day with the deposition of the sediments of the tertiary niger delta. The niger delta is the cenozoic gross offlap clastic succession built out on top of the anambra basin. Agbada formation, which is an alternating sequence of. Niger delta petroleum systems, nigeria petroleum systems. Surface geology shown on the african plate, major cretaceous rift basins and breakup direction shown. Niger delta geographical region, africa britannica. The tertiary petroleum system of the niger delta has most recently been discussed in papers by ekweozor and daukoru 1994 and stacher 1995. Engineering geology of the niger delta 67 sediments originating from the vast catchment area and geologic ally com plex hinterland fig.
Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the niger delta in. Niger delta akataagbada petroleum system of9950h, chapter a. An estimate of oil window in nigeria niger delta basin. Therefore galloways approach is preferred here for deltawide stratigraphic correlation. The agbada formation of fluvial delta and marine facies, mainly comprised of sandstone interbedded with mudstone and marine shale, is the major oil producing interval in weakly cemented sandstone accumulated from eocene until quaternary with a thickness.
The niger delta system figure 1 is one of the worlds largest tertiary deltas and one of its most prolific hydrocarbon systems, containing an estimated 68 bboe and producing approximately 3 mmboe per day. The structure of the offshore niger delta geology department. Reconstruction of the subsurface depositional history of. Geology of niger delta petroleum reservoir petroleum. In the nomenclature of mckenzie and morgan 2 the niger delta site was occupied in cretaceous times by an rrr triple junction.
Tertiary niger delta akataagbada petroleum system no. The niger delta basin lies between latitude 40000n and 60000n and longitude 50000e and 80000e. The metallic resources include gold, tin, uranium, iron ore and molybdenum. It is part of the niger delta province which occurs at the southern part of nigeria bordering the atlantic ocean. During the cenozoic, until the middle miocene, the niger delta grew through pulses of sedimentation over an oceanwarddipping continental basement into the gulf of guinea. It is typically considered to be located within nine coastal southern nigerian states, which include. It runs in a crescent through mali, niger, on the border with benin and then through nigeria, discharging through a massive delta, known as the niger delta or the oil rivers, into the gulf of guinea in the atlantic ocean. Its development began after the eocene tectonic phase.
Niger delta is the youngest sedimentary basin within the benue trough system. A recently computed fit of the african and south american continents is astonishingly close, apart from an overlap of some 120 miles in the vicinity of the niger delta. Pd 41 petroleum geology of the niger delta onepetro. The analysis was based on a combination of data sets including logs of six wells to describe lithic variations of the agbada formation within the ab field. The country also has gold and coal and deposits of tin and phosphate were mined in the past. Sedimentary architecture models of deepwater turbidite. Niger delta province, nigeria, cameroon, and equatorial guinea, africa by michele l. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the niger delta geologos. Petroleum geology of the niger delta is described in evamy et al. The sedimentary basin occupies a total area of about 75,000 km 2 and is at least 11 km deep in its deepest parts.
The niger delta is a prolific oil province within the west african subcontinent. This paper attempts to determine whether there is a genuine misfit at this point or whether the delta may have grown beyond the continental margin after the continents separated. Georger joined the petrolin group switzerland in 1995 and is responsible for all crude oil trading activities, including the. Odeyemi intermediate rocks from older granite complexes. A considerable amount of new information, however, has become available since publication of those papers, including penetration of a tertiary oilprone source rock sequence in aroh2 well. The niger delta is a vast lowlying region through which the waters of. The niger delta region in the light of the theory of. Formation evaluation of an onshore oil field, niger delta. The akata formation represents the prodelta facies of a southwardprograding tertiary delta. Paleoenviromental and sequence stratigraphic studies. In this work, we determined the geomechanical properties of a typical hydrocarbon well within the niger delta basin using geophysical well logs. Reservoir description and characterization of eni field. The niger is the thirdlongest river in africa, exceeded only by the nile and the congo river also known as the zaire river.
The benue trough had been formed as part of the widely distributed african rift population which originated some 140 million years ago burke, 1996. Kimenyi is a senior fellow and director of the africa growth initiative agi at the brookings institution. Geological map of the niger delta and surroundings. Analysis of communitydriven development in nigerias niger delta region iii mwangi s.
Niger has fossil fuels which includes deposits of petroleum and coal. An estimate of oil window in nigeria niger delta basin from. Kurowska university of silesia department of fundamental geology sosnowiec poland abstract niger delta sedimentary basin is a large arcuate delta of the destructive dominated wave type that has been explored for oil and gas and exploited since 1958. Pdf an overview of the geology and hydrogeology of nigeria. The geology of niger comprises very ancient igneous and metamorphic crystalline basement rocks in the west, more than 2. They have studied the origin of the niger delta basin, and established that the tertiary deltaic fill of the niger delta is represented by a strongly diachronous eocenerecent sequence, which is divided into three 3 stratigraphic units. The geology of niger delta the tertiary niger delta basin located in southern nigeria at the inland margin of the gulf of guinea is situated at the southernmost extremity of the elongated intracontinental benue trough.
The thickness of the basin ranges between 1012km and it is. It is bounded to the west and northwest by the western african shield, which termi. S1 abstract the niger delta, an area of roughly 30,000km2, is experiencing physical development challenges due to poor soil conditions, a situation which has escalated project cost and as a consequence impeded development. The niger delta basin has area coverage of about 75,000 km 2 and consists of an overall regressive clastic sequence which reaches a maximum thickness of about 12,000 m in the central part of the basin where there is maximum subsidence merki 1972. Well sections in the niger delta indicate three vertical lithostratigraphic subdivisions. Pdf determination of geomechanical properties of a. The niger delta is one of the worlds largest tertiary delta systems and an extremely. Exploration activities have been concentrated in the onshore part of this basin but as the delta becomes better understood.
The volta basin, air massif and the iullemeden basin began to form in the neoproterozoic and paleozoic, along with numerous ring complexes, as the region experienced. Petroleum geology of the niger delta geological society, london. The third cycle, from eocene to recent, marked the continuous growth of the main niger delta. The coastal sedimentary basin of nigeria has been the scene of three depositional cycles. Soothing music for meditation, healing therapy, deep sleeping duration.
Midlower miocene agbada sedimentary intercalations of ab field in the coastal swamp depobelt, western nigerdelta, were evaluated to determine their sequence stratigraphic character. Petroleum geology of the niger delta abstract the niger delta is a large, arcuate delta of the destructive, wavedominated type. The niger delta is the delta of the niger river sitting directly on the gulf of guinea on the atlantic ocean in nigeria. The niger delta basin, also referred to as the niger delta province, is an extensional rift basin located in the niger delta and the gulf of guinea on the passive continental margin near the western coast of nigeria with suspected or proven access to cameroon, equatorial guinea and sao tome and principe. The basin consists of progradational, paralic sequences of akata, agbada and benin formations which builds. Geology of the niger delta the niger delta is an oil province of nigeria located on the west african continental margin. Rahaman preliminary report on the field relationships of the basement complex rocks around igarra, midwest i. Benin formation which is an upper delta top lithofacies consisting of massive continental sands and gravels, grades downwards into delta front lithofacies of the agbada formation. The niger delta basin is situated in the gulf of guinea in equatorial west africa, between latitudes 30n and 60n and longitudes 50e and 80e reijers et al, 1996 fig. A sequence of undercompacted marine clays, overlain by paralic deposits, in turn covered by continental sands, is present throughout, builtup by the imbricated super position of numerous offlap cycles.
Foraminifera biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of well 5. Cenozoic niger delta the modern delta recent depositional environments and sedimen tary facies in the niger delta described by allen 1965, 1970 have furnished a lithogenetic model that relates facies variations of modem high energy, wavedominated, constructional, arcuatelobate trop ical deltas to depositional process fig. The eocene continental terminal is an unconfined sandstone aquifer. Geology department ahmadu bello university zaria, nigeria e. Geological section through the sedimentary layers of the niger deltas mouth 9. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough. The niger delta is framed on the northwest by a subsurface continuation of the west african shield, the benin flank. Pdf determination of geomechanical properties of a typical. Opening of the gulf of guinea and geological history of. Mined uranium is niger s biggest export, but mining remains a relatively small part of gdp. Therefore galloways approach is preferred here for delta wide stratigraphic correlation. Short and stauble 1967 outlined the general geology of the niger delta.
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